The
Sedition Act was passed by Congress in 1918. The law made it a crime
to criticize by speech or writing the government or Constitution.
During the Red Scare (1919-20) A.
Mitchell Palmer, the attorney general and his special assistant,
John Edgar Hoover, used the Sedition
Act and the Espionage Act (1917) to
launch a campaign against radicals and left-wing organizations. Under
these two laws 1500 people were arrested for disloyalty. Most were
eventually released but Emma Goldman,
Alexander Berkman, Mollie
Steimer and 245 other people, were deported to Russia.
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